The Development of Barrier to Entry in B2B Markets. The Case of Dissertation

The Development of Barrier to Entry in B2B Markets. The Case of Russian Underground Construction Industry - Dissertation Example Concerning this, a subjective exploration was started utilizing individual meetings among the board administrators from ten burrowing/underground development organizations, both neighborhood and outside, inside Sochi, St Petersburg and Moscow urban communities. These urban communities have been picked as they are the ones encountering solid development in underground development inside Russia right now and accordingly will in general have impressive number of burrowing organizations. The specialist by and large created members based on closeness, straightforward entry, and eagerness to partake under the rule of non-likelihood inspecting. Ecological supportability is seen as the most conspicuous preferred position of underground development. ... particle, and trouble in beginning the mining procedure, however basic investigation and point by point arranging are critical to avert the likely challenges related with underground development. Creation the executives and presentation of new advances and interest in most recent hardware and machines were discovered pivotal with respect to development organizations to guarantee serious edge over their rivals. Boundaries to underground development industry incorporate the need to re-appropriate high capital, utilize cutting edge innovations and secure government licenses. These make it harder for new, especially little contestants to infiltrate into the business realizing that the enormous organizations have more extensive opportunity to investigate promoting, and obtain gear, wages, and innovative work. Reacting to the progressions related with the presence of these obstructions was found as significant move among organizations in underground development industry. These progressions essentially incorporate advancement of development strategies, fitting utilization of arranging, usage, assessment and control. Russian government was discovered not a striking boundary to likely contestants, yet the set guidelines by the administration specialists could front plausible hazard factors before effective passage. Because of deficiency of talented specialists in the underground development industry, there is a need to re-appropriate human asset, and utilize remote accomplices, yet one significant move to guarantee profitability and serious edge is to permit labor to experience supplemental classes and propelled trainings to keep them side by side of the new advances and procedures utilized in the business. Underground development organizations additionally found that advancement and creation are likewise significant contemplations to remain at the degree of serious

The Effectiveness of Special Weapons and Tactics Teams (SWAT) Essay - 1

The Effectiveness of Special Weapons and Tactics Teams (SWAT) - Essay Example This exposition portrays the Special weapons and Tactical groups law authorization that began with ensuring the prosperity of cops in the United States, as they did their obligations of â€Å"serving and protecting† the general population. Being ready to remove trouble makers productively without mass commotion and making inadvertent blow-back, was the trademark for the formation of the groups. Regardless of whether one is an advocate or a spoiler of the presence of SWAT groups, they should strike a similar rope when stood up to with the issue of the importance of the groups proceeded with presence. Specialized squads have done some flawed things, and they have achieved numerous beneficial things. Before we toss out the child with the shower water, we should impartially evaluate the circumstance and pose the inquiry. Is it true that we are in an ideal situation today with SWAT groups, than we were without them? The analyst of this article accepts that we are certainly happier, and what is required is that a lot of thought must be coordinated to how, these groups can be better used, while they are waiting hanging tight for the afternoon, when they will be expected to serve in the limit with regards to which they were initially considered. It is usually held that a decent offense is superior to a decent barrier. In any case, to summarize the specialist expresses that we realize that city police offices left to their customary arms stockpile and theory, are not prepared enough to deal with the some of kinds of showdowns which the miscreants can compose.

Diversity Essay Samples

Diversity Essay SamplesA diversity essay sample, or 'homework' for college-level assignments, is a collection of material that is designed to cover a wide range of topics regarding an issue which faces the community. These essays do not normally focus on only one race or gender; they are comprehensive in covering issues relevant to the student's field.It is up to the student needs to determine which topics are most important to the student and what the best way to cover them is. Although there are many diverse topics that might interest the student, they will not be covered thoroughly in a single essay or chapter. Diversity topics can include but are not limited to; racial, cultural, sexual, economic, political, and religious issues.The purpose of diversity essay samples is to provide the student with the material necessary to create a valuable essay that also presents the perspectives of others in the community. It should look at various opinions from various points of view. This wi ll result in the best possible student essay.Diversity essay samples can contain chapters written from the perspective of a small group of students. For example, a chapter might focus on a group of students in a high school. A chapter on the viewpoint of a minority student might also be included. A diversity chapter might also discuss an issue that is relevant to the student's work or studies.However, a chapter should never be written from a single point of view, nor should it always discuss only one particular area of diversity. A diversity chapter should be a collection of different views. Such diversity chapters are often referred to as a diversity anthology.Diversity anthology chapters may also include critical essays by respected academics. This serves as a perfect source of different opinions on the topic at hand. The diversity essay samples also often contain essays from the general public.There are two distinct methods used to make such diversity essay samples. These methods include; document extraction, and empirical research. Document extraction involves reading the essay samples from the perspective of a student; that is, focusing on a specific aspect of the student's life.Abstract level diversity essay samples may cover issues not directly related to the student's work or studies. They may cover cultural issues such as, African American social studies essays, or the possible effects of college testing. Examples of these essays might include; parents who choose to raise their children with different values and beliefs, or students who view themselves and the black community in a more positive light. These essays can be related to any major issue pertaining to diversity or minority groups.

Chapter 33 Nursing Management Hypertension - 3539 Words

Chapter 33: Nursing Management: Hypertension Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which action will the nurse in the hypertension clinic take in order to obtain an accurate baseline blood pressure (BP) for a new patient? a. Deflate the BP cuff at a rate of 5 to 10 mm Hg per second. b. Have the patient sit in a chair with the feet flat on the floor. c. Assist the patient to the supine position for BP measurements. d. Obtain two BP readings in the dominant arm and average the results. ANS: B The patient should be seated with the feet flat on the floor. The BP is obtained in both arms, and the results of the two arms are not averaged. The patient does not need to be in the supine position. The cuff should be deflated at 2 to 3 mm Hg per second.†¦show more content†¦Increasing fluid intake may counteract the effect of the medication, and the patient is taught to use gum or hard candy to relieve dry mouth. The BP should be taken in the nondominant arm by newly diagnosed patients in the morning, before taking the medication, and in the evening. Because ACE inhibitors cause potassium retention, increased intake of high-potassium foods is inappropriate. DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 719 TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 6. Propranolol (Inderal) is prescribed for a patient diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse should consult with the health care provider before giving this medication when the patient reveals a history of a. asthma. b. daily alcohol use. c. peptic ulcer disease. d. myocardial infarction (MI). ANS: A Nonselective ÃŽ ²-blockers block ÃŽ ²1- and ÃŽ ²2-adrenergic receptors and can cause bronchospasm, especially in patients with a history of asthma. ÃŽ ²-Blockers will have no effect on the patient’s peptic ulcer disease or alcohol use. ÃŽ ²-Blocker therapy is recommended after MI. USTESTBANK.COM DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (application) REF: 718 TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 7. A 56-year-old patient who has no previous history of hypertension or other health problems suddenly develops a blood pressure (BP) of 198/110 mm Hg. After reconfirming the BP, itShow MoreRelatedChapter 51 Essay4945 Words   |  20 Pagesï » ¿Import Settings: Base Settings: Brownstone Default Information Field: Chapter Information Field: Client Needs Information Field: Cognitive Level Information Field: Difficulty Information Field: Integrated Process Information Field: Objective Information Field: Page and Header Highest Answer Letter: E Multiple Keywords in Same Paragraph: No Chapter: Chapter 51: Management of Patients With Immunodeficiency Multiple Choice 1. A healthy high school athlete is diagnosed with fever andRead MoreThe Importance Of Physical Education On American Schools1412 Words   |  6 PagesHeart Association, 2016). This is a local and national emergency that needs to be addressed to keep children healthy, prevent morbidities, and control the costs that are associated with being overweight or obese. Pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension in children is at an all time high. However, research indicates that only 3.8 percent of American elementary schools provide daily physical education (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2007). This paper will discuss the importance of daily physicalRead MoreInternational Classification of Diseases Coding Ii10064 Words   |  41 PagesInternational Classification of Diseases Coding II Chapter 17 – 27 Chapter 17: 1. Which of the following anemias is caused by a failure of the bone marrow to produce red blood cells and may be congenital or acquired? A. Bone marrow deficiency anemia B. Sickle-cell anemia C. Aplastic anemia D. Thalassemia 2. Which of the following terms refers to either a reduction in the quantity of hemoglobin or a reduction in the volume of red blood cells? E. Anemia Read MoreChapter 38 Nursing Management Vascular Disorders4653 Words   |  19 Pagesï » ¿Chapter 38: Nursing Management: Vascular Disorders Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. When discussing risk factor modification for a 63-year-old patient who has a 5-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm, the nurse will focus discharge teaching on which patient risk factor? a. Male gender b. Turner syndrome c. Abdominal trauma history d. Uncontrolled hypertension ANS: D All of the factors contribute to the patient’s risk, but only hypertension can potentially be modified to decrease the patient’s risk forRead MoreChapter 65 Nursing Management Arthritis And Connective Tiss5879 Words   |  24 PagesChapter 65: Nursing Management: Arthritis and Connective Tissue Diseases Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which finding will the nurse expect when assessing a 58-year-old patient who has osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee? a. Discomfort with joint movement b. Heberden’s and Bouchard’s nodes c. Redness and swelling of the knee joint d. Stiffness that increases with movement ANS: A Initial symptoms of OA include pain with joint movement. Heberden’s nodules occur on the fingers. Redness of the joint is moreRead MoreCase Analysis : The Client 3230 Words   |  13 Pagesschizoaffective disorder years prior. The client has had recent increasing difficulties with health problems not concerned with her mental illness. In addition to her diagnosis of scizoaffective disorder, the client also has and takes medication for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, asthma. The client also has a history of type two diabetes, renal insufficiency, pancreatitis, and fatty liver deposits. The patient s chart documents discussion between the client s guardian and healthcare team whichRead More‚Äà ºa Contemporary View on Health Care System in Bangladesh.‚Äà ¹14806 Words   |  60 PagesCHAPTER - 1 Introduction 1.0 origin and background of the report The report ‘‘A Contemporary view on Health Care System in Bangladesh’’ is the outcome of Internship Program which is a precondition for acquiring MBA Degree. Only curriculum activities are not enough for handling the real business environment, so it is necessary to get the better knowledge about the real scenario. The report is a requirement of the internship program for my MBA Degree. Conduction of Internship/ DissertationRead Moreethical decision making16006 Words   |  65 PagesCHAPTER 11 Ethics and Health Pat Kurtz and Ronald L. Burr Authors Go Here Authors Go Here Authors Go Here Visit http://nursing.jbpub.com/communityhealth for Visit http://nursing.jbpub.com/communityhealth interactive exercises, review questions, WebLinks for interactive exercises, review questions, and more. Web links, and more.  © Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION. 1786X_CH11_248_269.pdf 248 12/30/08 10:30:24 AM REFLECTIONS It has becomeRead MoreCase Study Questions On Crisis Paper3631 Words   |  15 Pagesschizoaffective disorder years prior. The client has had recent increasing difficulties with health problems not concerned with her mental illness. In addition to her diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder, the client also takes medication for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and asthma. The client also has a history of type two diabetes, renal insufficiency, pancreatitis, and fatty liver deposits. The patient s chart documents discussion between the client s guardian and healthcare team whichRead MorePediatric Nursing Study Guide -- Covering Communicable Diseases/ Blood Disorders/Childhood Cancers/Integumentary5211 Words   |  21 PagesConcept Test Map/Study Guide Test 2 will include chapters 36, 38, 49, 50, 53 To prepare for Test 2 please review the following: Communicable diseases (CH38) April 2 a. Stages * Invasion of organism * Incubation period * Prodromal period * Clinical manifestations (S/S) * Convalescent period * Return to wellness b. Immunities * Active immunity naturally acquired – already exposed

Ikea Communication Essay example - 1176 Words

Effective communication at Ikea Communication is the key to a successful business because everything is carried out properly and operates smoothly, thus being well organised too. In a business, communication not only takes place between the business and their buying customers, but also with their suppliers, within themselves and all of the stakeholders involved in the business. This includes all of the internal and external customers. Effective communication takes place if the chosen method works correctly for the situation the business and the receiver are in. For example, Ikea may not choose to advertise on the television that they have a product in stock which one customer was asking after because it is not guaranteed that the†¦show more content†¦Spoken communication can be in the form of speaking over the telephone, giving speeches and holding meetings or interviews. Most of these are also face-to-face except for talking over the telephone. This is also a common way for businesses to communicate, especially if they are talking to suppliers or another type of customer whom is far away. A problem with this though is that no automatic written ‘evidence’ is kept unless one person keeps notes, so important conversations may become forgotten. Written communication This method of communication can vary in length; a quick message can be written down on a small piece of paper or a contract can be drawn up which consists of countless pages and words. The three main documents which businesses use are explained below. Legal contracts A legal contract between businesses is a formal agreement which includes certain details about this agreement that cannot be broken. If they are, this is used as evidence in court, stating that there was in fact a contract and a business breached the conditions. Memos A memo (short for ‘Memorandum’) is a document which is given to all employees of a business when the company has an announcement to make. These are usually short and carry an important message which has to be seen by the staff. Normally, memos include details on when the next staff meeting is or when there is a day off work for all.Show MoreRelatedIkea Communication1194 Words   |  5 PagesEffective communication at Ikea Communication is the key to a successful business because everything is carried out properly and operates smoothly, thus being well organised too. In a business, communication not only takes place between the business and their buying customers, but also with their suppliers, within themselves and all of the stakeholders involved in the business. This includes all of the internal and external customers. Effective communication takes place if the chosen methodRead MoreMarketing Mix of Ikea803 Words   |  4 Pagespenetration pricing enables IKEA to gain significant market share.    Low prices are a result of large-quantity purchasing, low-cost logistics, store location in suburban areas and a DIY approach to marketing.    IKEA also benefits from economies of scale and healthy supplier-firm relationships.    IKEA enters into long-term contracts, provides leased equipment and technical support in exchange for exclusive, low-cost manufacturing from suppliers.    For new markets, IKEA should retain its price-imageRead MoreHeyy1303 Words   |  6 PagesHow different is different? IKEAs challenge to appeal to local tastes globally. Brief information about IKEA company. IKEA is a privately held, international home products company that designs and sells ready-to-assemble furniture such as beds, chairs, and desks, appliances and home accessories. The company is the worlds largest furniture retailer. Founded in 1943 by 17-year-old Ingvar Kamprad in Sweden, the company is named as an acronym comprising the initials of the founders name (IngvarRead MoreIkea Media Plan1132 Words   |  5 PagesPlan Marketing Objective 1: To increase awareness of local IKEA store locations in the U.S. among Generation Y individuals between ages 23 and 30 by 25% by January 2014. Media Objective 1: Reach 30% of Generation Y (ages 23-30) at least twice a month during 2013 with information regarding their IKEA store within 200 miles. Media Strategy: Use direct mail campaign that highlights the location of the nearest store with IKEA facts, and promotions. The mailings are to be released at the beginningRead MoreThe Social Architecture Of Ikea, A Multinational Furniture Company ( Mnc ) And Private Entity1119 Words   |  5 PagesThe success of a company depends on global efficiency, local responsiveness, and worldwide coordination. This paper will focus on the social architecture of IKEA, a multinational furniture company (MNC) and private entity. As of 31 August, 2015, IKEA has operations in 43 countries that incudes stores and distribution centers (About the IKEA group, 2015). IKEA’s net income is up 31% and bigger than Target and Lowes. It has mastered the challenge of â€Å"selling high volumes of inventory at consistentlyRead MoreIkea s Successful Entry Into The Furniture Retail Market918 Words   |  4 Pagesneeds were not being addressed in the furniture retail market; in which, IKEA took the initiative to distinguish themselves from their competitors by providing and selling good quality furniture at lower prices. Second, execution by it’s founder Ingvar Kamprad to sell their products for â€Å"cheaper† by commissioning local manufacturers to produce IKEA products (Allen, n.d.). The internationalization importance relating to IKEA is imperative to Kamprad’s strategty that allows firms to market their productsRead MoreIKEA Global Sourcing Challenge: Indian Rugs and Child Labor1176 Words   |  5 PagesProposal Case: IKEA Global Sourcing Challenge: Indian Rugs and Child Labor Summary In this case, it is known that IKEA s procurement model is the mode of global sourcing. IKEA products are shipped to the 26 distribution centres from the trade area after procurement, and then delivered to the shopping malls in the world. IKEA s procurement philosophy and assessment of suppliers mainly include four aspects: continuous price improvement; strict supplier performance and service levels;Read MoreIkea Case Study1426 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction IKEA is a globally known home outfitting retailer. It has developed quickly since it was established in 1943. Today it is the world s biggest furniture retailer, perceived for its Scandinavian style. The greater part of IKEA s furniture is level pack, prepared to be gathered by the shopper. This permits a lessening in expenses and bundling. IKEA conveys a scope of 9,500 items, including home furniture and embellishments. This wide range is accessible in all IKEA stores and clientsRead MoreIkea Swot Analysis1017 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION: IKEA was founded in the year 1943 and is known as the world’s largest home furnishing retailer renowned for its Scandinavian style. The first store of IKEA was launched in Warrington in 1987.The main product includes flat-pack ranging from home furniture and accessories with 9500 products. The broad range products are obtainable in all IKEA stores. The stores are located worldwide and they even developed online website. The stores products vary from restaurants, cafesRead MoreCase Study : Global Enterprise Ikea1392 Words   |  6 PagesExecutive Summary Global enterprise IKEA has expanded from its humble beginning in Älmhult, Sweden to become the world’s largest home furnishings retailer with 393 stores worldwide and 915 million visitors annually. IKEA’s simplistic vision inspired by its Swedishness aims to provide as many people as possible with affordable, well designed, high quality, functional home furnishings that impress consumers, competitors and companies alike. This philosophy has resulted in very effective and efficient

Compare and Contrast Europe and Africa Essay - 839 Words

Europe and Africa have been linked together in evaluating the state formation process. Both regions have similarities, strengths, weaknesses, and room for improvement. To this day both regions are far from perfect. Some light can be shed on this subject, by evaluating Europe and Africa’s state formation process, evaluating what party benefits, and briefly explaining two economic consequences of European colonialism in Africa. Problems began for Africa when there was the â€Å"scramble for Africa. Africa was extremely divided throughout the continent. There was no nation intact. Even though they were divided into colonies, they still had no sovereignty. Since they had no form of nationalism it made it impossible to succeed as a†¦show more content†¦Belgium and Portugal â€Å"led the second-tier empires† (Schraeder 97) and they were much smaller than Britain and France. Italy held possession of Liberia and Eritrea. Spain had the smallest of the empires, includin g Ceuta and Melilla. Europe was different to Africa in their state formation process. State formation started as a result of European kings claiming greater powers and tightening their control over large territories. In the early period people were indifferent about the state to which they belonged. In Northern Europe the state was very spread out. This was due to the fact that some regions were acquired for the crown by royal marriages, and others by settlements of war or debt. (Shively 24-25) It was not until the early nineteenth century that the state was bound by a rather large territory with stable boundaries. The invention of the modern state is given credit to Napolean. This came about by his joining â€Å"the excitement and the passions of the French Revolution to an active and efficient bureaucracy and army. This state was very powerful and conquered most of Europe. (Shively 25) To further evaluate Europe and Africa one could look at the economic consequences of Euro pean colonialism in Africa. There are several consequences to this subject. The two that seem the most important was the transformation of individual colonies into export-orientedShow MoreRelatedCCOT And CC Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿UNIT 1 /2 – 8000 bce – 600 bce, 600 bce – 600 ce Africa Compare and contrast life in foraging societies with life in agricultural societies after the Agricultural Revolution Identify two key changes in early African history that resulted in a new period in the history of the region The Middle East Analyze the political changes in the Middle East from the Agricultural Revolution to 600 c.e. Compare and contrast the basic features of TWO of the following religious systems prior to 600 c.e. PolytheismRead MoreThe Darkness of Imperialism in In Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad567 Words   |  3 PagesDarkness are pursuing is the expansion of their home countries’ empires. Yet many people are hurt in this enterprise, and it’s not only the colonized territories that are impacted negatively by imperialist Europe. Europe’s explorers that go to the Congo are constantly dying of sickness. Compare the ways in which the consequences of imperialism affect the different groups of people in the book, the more one can understand about characters’ actions. Heart of Darkness is a novel about EuropeanRead MoreThe English Civil War Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pagesroutes in the Atlantic Circuit to bring slaves from Africa to replace Amerindian labor. 4. Atlantic Circuit (or System): The Atlantic Circuit was the triangular network of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The first passage carried horses, weapons, and metals from Europe to Africa. The third passage brought plantation goods from the colonies to Europe. And the Middle Passage was defined by transport of slaves from Africa to the colonies. The Middle Passage was plaguedRead More Symbols, Setting, and Ironies of Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness1201 Words   |  5 Pagesis   relevant to the overall theme of the novel. As the plot opens up, Marlow begins to compare and contrast the Thames River to the Congo. He describes both rivers to be connected like an interminable waterway (Conrad 65). Marlow means to say that the two are connected symbolically. Both represent the continual passage for the ivory trade. The ivory is carried out of Africa through the Congo and into Europe through the Thames. The Thames is depicted as being peaceful and tranquil while the CongoRead More Characters, Setting, Themes, and Symbols of Heart of Darkness1248 Words   |  5 PagesCongo forces him to resort to the life of a murderer and pilferer. The name Kurtz itself has symbolic meaning. The physical shortness in Kurtz implies a shortness of character and spirit (Heart of Darkness: A systematic evaluation). Conrad greatly contrasts between Kurtzs two mistresses. He portrays the black mistress as being fierce and magnificent. She is an impressive figure and importantly, her human feelings are not denied. She faces the truth of the situation and the pain because she is ableRead MoreCompare and Contrast Judaism and Buddhism Essay647 Words   |  3 PagesCompare and Contrast Judaism and Buddhism One of the most early religions are Judaism and Buddhism. Both Judaism and Buddhism have lots of differences beliefs and practices and only few similarities. Judaism was started in 2000 B.C.E, led by Abraham. Buddhism was started in 560 B.C.E, by Siddhartha Gautama. Both religions have different point of view. Buddhism don’t believe in deity and Judaism believe in deity. Buddhism are just followers of Gautama and Judaism believe in Yahweh (the GodRead More Oloudah Equianos The Slave Trade Essay example934 Words   |  4 PagesOloudah Equianos The Slave Trade Olaudah Equiano was born in 1745 in an area of Africa which is now Nigeria. At the age of eleven he was captured and brought into slavery. In his book, The Slave Trade, Equiano describes the slave trade during this time. He illustrates how he became a slave and how slaves were treated. Through his descriptions of his homeland and other aspects of his life, we gain insight into the state of world trade at that time. Equianos description of his homeland exemplifiesRead MoreWhat Was The Political Structure Of The Mayans From 600 Ce?1568 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Portuguese. Feudalism refers to? A social structure prevalent in Western Europe, in which landlords held power over large estates that serfs or laborers worked on. The landlords in return provided protection of the people working on the land. Be able to find comparisons between the political systems in Western Europe and China from 1000 – 1300 CE. A major comparison among the two regions was that in Western Europe multiple monarchies were being developed, whereas China maintained a single empireRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Influence and Consequence of European Imperialism on Africa and China During the 19th Century.748 Words   |  3 PagesCompare and contrast the influence and consequence of European Imperialism on Africa and China during the 19th century. Imperialism is when one country dominates the cultural, economic, and political life of a nation weaker than itself. In the 19th century, Europe was the nation that was dominating both China and Africa. There were quite a few similarities in the way that European imperialism was changing these nations. One important similarity was that both the nations had resisted againstRead MoreComparing and Contrasting Heart of Darkness and Things Fall Apart1346 Words   |  6 PagesMelisa Chan English Language and Literature Instructor Van Andel ------------------------------------------------- February 1, 2013 Viewing Africa From Two Sides Of A Coin. There aren’t many novels about the true face of Africa on bookshelves, especially not novels written by an author who knows Africa best during the time of its pre-colonial period. Things Fall Apart is a novel worth reading because it’s eye opener for those with not-very-positive stereotypes of the continent. In fact

Informatics and Financial Applications for Computing-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theInformatics and Financial Applications for Cloud Computing. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to provide knowledge on information systems, decision support systems, and cloud computing. The industry I have chosen in this report is the insurance industry. I have chosen insurance because research shows that many insurance companies rely on data analytics to make key decisions. The report is divided six sections as follows. In chapter one, I discuss the contents of the report. In chapter two, I discuss what Decision Support Systems are and how these tools can be used within the insurance industry to fix some of the challenges they face such as product development and insurance fraud detection. In chapter three, I discuss cloud computing and the opportunities it brings to the insurance industry. I also provide statistical evidence on the uptake of cloud computing services by insurance companies. In chapter four, which is the final section, I conclude my analysis by providing a brief summary of information systems and insurance. The references and appendix is included in section five and six respectively. Decision Support Systems And Insurance Decision Support Systems (DSS) are a set of tools and software used to collect and analyze data into useful information. Most DSS tools are able to perform a wide variety of functions including collection and organization of data, data analysis, and production of custom reports (Castellanos, Dayal, Simitsis, Wilkinson, 2009). Insurance fraud is a growing concern for many insurance companies because it increases the cost of insurance. Fraud can occur at different stages of the insurance cycle. Some common examples of fraud include staged accidents, data theft and application fraud (Insurance Nexus, 2016). DSS tools, based on historical fraud data, can be used by insurance companies to assist in the prevention, reduction, and detection of fraud. Below are examples of these tools may be used by the insurance industry to combat fraud. Decision Support Systems for Prevention of Insurance Fraud A DSS tool can be used to screen applicants at the application stage. The tool will then score the applicants by flagging their likelihood for potential fraud. Based on this information, an insurance company can either reject a customer with a high score from the onset or offer them an insurance policy subject to close monitoring by the insurance company (See Figure 2?1). Decision Support Systems for Reduction and Detection of Insurance Fraud DSS tools can also be used for detection and reduction of fraudulent claims. In this scenario, the tool works by identifying claim applications that are potentially fraudulent. Furthermore, the costs of various actions by the company from settling the claim to rejection or investigation of the claims are analyzed concurrently. Based on the output, the insurance companies can make the appropriate decisions (Power, 2017). Decision Support Systems in other Areas of Insurance Apart from fraud management, Insurance companies are also using DSS tools in other critical areas of the business. These areas include premium pricing, product development, agent selection, customer service, claims settlement etc. Figure 2?1: Insurance Fraud Detection System Cloud Computing And Insurance Industry Gone are the days of companies purchasing expensive data warehouses and servers. With the advancement of the internet, cloud computing services have allowed companies to efficiently reuse their IT resources while having quick access to real time data (Accenture, 2010). Cloud computing, which is an area of DSS, was initially developed for storage solutions and servers infrastructure. With time, their capabilities have increased to include business support applications like email and office suites, customer service, web conferencing facilities, enterprise applications and project planning (Edara Kandagatla, 2012). With regards to the insurance industry, cloud computing provides many benefits to insurance companies. In addition to the functions mentioned above, they can also be used by insurance companies to build potential underwriting tool applications for their customers(Edara Kandagatla, 2012). Despite the opportunities above, investment in cloud computing services within the insurance industry is still low. The main reason cited is compliance issues such as data privacy and restrictions. Insurance companies collect a lot of personal data and they fear that any data leak in the cloud may have a significant reputational risk to the company. A study was done on 53 insurance companies in North America to gather their responses on clouds computing(Accenture, 2010). Figure 3?1below shows that out of the responses, 51% of the insurance companies were keen on cloud storage. However, when it comes to implementation, their responses were of strong interest but no commitment, possibly due to the data privacy concerns. To overcome this challenge, software companies are focusing on the creation of private clouds to encourage insurance companies to host their core business specifics. Private clouds are considered more secure than public clouds. Figure 3?1: Insurance Companies Response to Cloud Computing Conclusion We live in a world where data is becoming a critical component of a companys decision making process. Consequently, Decision Support Systems have become a common feature in many businesses due to their ability to analyze data into useful information. When it comes to the insurance industry, DSS tools play a vital role. We have observed that insurance companies have a history of collecting a lot of data on both claims and policies. DSS tools can then be applied on this data to extract useful information. We observed in chapter two an example of a DSS tool used by insurance companies for fraud detection and prevention. Furthermore, DSS tools can also be used in other parts of the industry such as product development and pricing. Cloud computing is an area of DSS. Cloud computing services provide storage and infrastructure solutions to companies which results in cost savings in regards to their IT resources and enhanced business performance. In respect to the insurance industry, cloud computing also offers companies opportunities to develop business models such as underwriting tool packages. Despite these opportunities, the uptake of cloud computing within the insurance sector is still low at its infant stage. However, it is expected that this area will expand in the near future as DSS tools evolve to meet the needs of the industry. Studies are showing that insurance companies that have begun to develop strategies surrounding cloud computing services are already indicating signs of a competitive advantage. References Accenture. (2010). How Cloud Computing will Transform Insurance. Retrieved from Accenture: https://insuranceblog.accenture.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Cloud_for_Insurance_POV_Final.pdf Castellanos, M., Dayal, U., Simitsis, A., Wilkinson, K. (2009). Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology: Advaces in Database Technology. Retrieved from https://icdt.tu-dortmund.de/proceedings/edbticdt2009proc/edbt/papers/p0001-Dayal.pdf Edara, S., Kandagatla, R. (2012). Cloud Computing in the Property . Retrieved from Capgemini: https://www.cn.capgemini.com/resource-file-access/resource/pdf/Cloud_Computing_in_the_Property___Casualty_Insurance_Industry.pdf Insurance Nexus. (2016, March 9). Analytics in Insurance Fraud: The Fight Before the Claim . Retrieved from Insurance Nexus: https://www.insurancenexus.com/fraud/analytics-insurance-fraud-fight-claim Power, D. (2017). How can analytics and decision support reduce insurance fraud? Retrieved from https://dssresources.com/faq/index.php?action=artikelcat=id=292artlang=en

English Unit 7 Essay Example

English Unit 7 Paper a cause for which Swift wrote the devaluation of Irish coins Tory party Swifts, Johnsons, Goldsmiths political party subject of the Deserted Village destruction of village life Gullivers Travels a political satire labouring swain is an example poetic diction johnson believed literature should appeal mainly to this person common man political events of second half of the eighteenth century growing British empire published by Johnson A dictionary of the English language published by Goldsmith The Vicar of Wakefield simile a comparison using like or as In On the morning of Christs nativity, what did Christ forsake and what did he choose? He left Heaven to live in darkness as a mortal In On His Blindness, Milton regrets that his blindness restricts his work The repetition of initial consonants is alliteration Verse having units of two rhyming lines with five iambic feet in each line is written in heroic couplets to give something human characteristics is to _______ it personify a story in which things represent parts of a doctrine or theme is an allegory a type of literature that ridicules something to correct behavior is a satire an poem with fourteen lines, either Italian or English, is a sonnet Periodicals and the novel became more popular as the more powerful ______ class began to read. middle Milton was imprisoned because of his previous position in the commonwealth Charles II was ________ to the throne in 1660 restored When public land was ________ for private estates, many of the rural poor were driven away enclosed John Bunyan studied _________ after the civil war the Bible The Commonwealth and the Industrial Revolution helped to create a more strong middle class The poet takes the loss of The Deserted Village personally because he planned to retire there How are Bunyans characters in Pilgrims Progress more than just symbols? They are described very realistically What is one country or group people that Swift used in Gullivers Travels to satirize English society? the Brobgingians, the Lilliputians, and their emperor, Laputans In Pilgrims Progress what does the character Christian represent? He represents a man trying to overcome inner obstacles, trying to save his soul T:F/ In The Deserted Village, the villagers are driven from their homes because the Enclosure Acts have enabled a wealthy landowner to buy the public property. True T:F/ In that same poem, the poet says the villagers will either go to America or to crowded, corrupted charity homes. False T:F/ In Gullivers Travels, the king of Brobdingnag observes that most men are morally qualified for their careers. false T/F: Goldsmith wrote a novel entitled The Vicar of Wakefield, about a parsons family. true T/F: At the end of The Deserted Village, poetry lives with the rural virtues and the displaced villagers because people left in England are too corrupted by wealth to appreciate art. true T/F: The Puritans felt that the Anglican Church was corrupted true T/F: Oliver Goldsmith believed that extreme wealth is destructive. true T/F: Oliver Goldsmith wrote very few periodical essays. false T/F: In The Deserted Village, Goldsmith insults the sentimental village preacher false T/F: Samuel Johnson wrote periodical essays in numerous newspapers true

Romeo and Juliet Monologue Essays

Romeo and Juliet Monologue Essays Romeo and Juliet Monologue Paper Romeo and Juliet Monologue Paper Juliet: Hum! Something fears. O Romeo! All I desire is to be with you. I cant stand, seeing you fade away into the dark fog. The wind seems to carry you far away from me but I hope the sun will give you light in the darkness. The more the distance between us the more I dread for you. O Romeo! The moment you leave, your thoughts keep appearing in my mind. Then all I do is dream about what you said all along our meetings. It was on the day my dad gave a party; I wonder how he was there. He looked very nervous. He seemed to be searching for someone; perhaps someone special. Then his keen eyes fell on mine. I couldnt resist the way he stared at me. So I immediately turned away. His hand suddenly touched mine, it was cold and a sudden shiver ran across my body. When I turned, he said If I profane with my unworthiest hand This holy shrine, the gentle sin is this: My lips two blushing pilgrims, ready stand To smooth the rough touch with a tender kiss. I cant forget those words. I really felt as pure and as holy as an angel when he said that. I knew he liked me and wanted to kiss me. I knew it the moment he said O then, dear saint, let lips do what hands do! as we touched each others hands. My cheeks blushed and my heart was too heavy for words as he gave me a loving kiss. The nurse than interrupted, I was so furious, as I hardly met him. I didnt even know his name. After everyone left, me and the nurse were left alone in the massive hall. Thats when I asked her what his name was. She said His name is Romeo, and a Montague. The only son of your great enemy My anger changed to despair as I knew that my only love was my familys greatest enemy. I was shocked. All day I couldnt resist thinking about him. That night, when I was in the balcony opening up my thoughts he suddenly sprang out of the bushes. For a second there, my blood froze. I couldnt say no to him now as he must have heard what I spoke I thought as we spoke Then I feared for him as I told him if they do see thee they will murder thee. I told him again if any of the kinsmen will see him they will kill him. But he didnt care and replied Alack, their lies more peril in thine eye Than twenty of their swords! My heart lightened as he said those words but my fear for him seemed to be deepened. So I said I wouldnt let that happen. Then he replied I have nights cloak to hide me from their eyes. He was exaggerating and dreaming as he said he had nights cloak to hide him from the kinsmen. After that I was quite serious about what was happening. I asked for true commitment for our love. He said Lady, by yonder blessed moon I vow. I was not pleased when he swore on the moon as it constantly rotates round the earth. But then I somehow knew he truly loved me. When he was about to leave he said O, wilt thou leave me so unsatisfied? I was surprised at first as I didnt know what satisfaction he wanted. Then he told me about our marriage and so it was set the next day. It was too quick I thought but I couldnt wait any longer like him. We got married happily, it was a great feeling. Today I didnt want him to go but he had to. I was playing with him until he said come, death, and welcome! Juliet wills it so. How ist, my soul? Lets talk, it is not day. I became serious and didnt want anything to happen to him because of me. So, I rushed him up a bit to get ready for his journey. Then he suddenly said More light and light; more dark and dark our woes. I felt darkness fall over me when he said that. Suddenly, the nurse alerted us as he had to leave quickly as possible because my mother was coming to see me. I became tensed. Then everything went quick and well. Then we gave a farewell kiss and then he departed. When he was walking away an unpleasant thought rushed through my mind. I feared whether we will meet again or not. I was terrorized by the thought. I turned my attention towards my mothers call.

Military Tradition of Ancient People Research Paper

Military Tradition of Ancient People - Research Paper Example The Mongol people had historically transformed from hunters and gatherers to nomadic herdsmen, and adopted numerous religious faiths within the leadership and its pollution, due to the vast interaction with people from neighboring territories. There is always an argument over the success of the Mongols army torn between quantity and quality in their functions, but the fact remains that they were well equipped and skilled for any conquest, being contributed by their geographical locations and effective political leadership to coordinate the military. The military force was organized effectively to accomplish the objectives of the empire; the Mongols culture, politics, and geographical locations played a big role to shape the strategic intelligence of the military, though the religious freedom among them paved way for the expansion of the empire as well as its decline. Geographical Location Mongolia is historically known to have been situated in the northern area of China and on the Ea st of the Altai Mountains. 1The region was a high plateau, covered with grass, which was sufficient for their herds grazing and associated with the successive emergence of ancient Mongolia tribesmen, to attack their sedentary neighbors. Therefore, as a way of life, the Mongols people were used to operating in the open grassland field that stretched from central parts of Europe into Asia. From the experience of horse riding in such fields, the nomads’ lifestyle on the steppes and the struggles they faced each day for survival came to shape the Mongolian forces that consisted the people from the steppe. According to 2Barnes, unlike the other European knights who were considered professionally trained, the Mongolian warriors or Mongolian force had experienced a tough lifestyle having to fight against each other and nature, to become hardy people before contributing to their abilities as warriors. As a result of their nomadic lifestyle, they taught their children how to ride hors es on the steppes, while grazing the animals at an early age. 3Meaning the children grew up with better skills in (horsemanship) riding, managing, and gallops. This was effective in their future armies’ movement across the different terrains, since their horses were strong to withstand the different conditions in vast lands, weather, and even their feed. The advantage of the steppes and the horse riding across them, and different lands patterns in the vast geographical regions, made both the horses and the riders develop legendary endurance to accomplish the objective of the Mongols army at any invasion. According to 4Carlton, the Mongols army appeared to move twice the pace of their enemies and often victorious, even if they were at a disadvantage than their opponents to achieve success. It simply means that their bodies had adjusted to harsh conditions, and could even travel for long distances without food or having to carry lot of bulky food. It follows the theory of evolu tion to winning the battle for survival, which associates sensory experience and environmental forces to improving the knowledge. Their experience in horse riding had made them become like natural horse riders providing them a high degree of flexibility and speed into distant territories. 5Barner further mentions that the riding skills were an advantage to them, such

Pollution Prevention Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pollution Prevention - Case Study Example In this  assignment  we will look for the  stakeholder  of the chemical plants,  we will  identify  the  part  they play in making any  company  a success, we will also look at how a company can  function  such that it meets the needs of its stakeholder and at the same time maintain a quality standard.  We will also look at the factors that affect the quality of the product that the company produces and how it can be further improved upon.  Since, the only thing that is  constant  is change,  therefore  how to bring about a constant change that will keep the  stakeholder  happy  and will also  benefit  the accounts of the company (Chanlett, 1973). Stakeholders of any organization are those who, will  basically  benefit or  will be harmed  by the activities that  are carried  out by the firm.  For any organization  there are  broadly  two types of  stakeholder, internal  stakeholder  and external  stakeholder. ... They care about the profits  but  they are far more concerned about the success of any project they have initiated. Even those who  approve  the launch of the new product are all  stakeholder  of a project. The best possible way to meet the requirements and expectations of  stakeholder  is to produce results. The only things that the  stakeholder  wants are the results, the end product. The best way to  produce  the results is to have a business strategy designed in such a way that the end results  are met, and the most  appropriate  way  is to  design  the  strategy  in such a way that the goals are realistic, measurable and achievable, this will make it easy for the company to make the  stakeholder  happy. It is not  necessary  for the strategy to be a  huge  one  but  it should be an  effective  one. It is  important  that the roles and responsibilities are  pre assigned  and  the  relationship  of the peopl e involved  is clearly mentioned  and defined so that the work flow can  progress  effectively and smoothly.  Clear job descriptions should also be provided so that each and every person is aware of actually what they  are supposed  to do and what extent their contribution  is required.  There should also be an established performance  evaluation  system for the people involved in the implementation of the  policy  to make sure of its effectiveness.  Also, there should be a  proper  mechanism  which will work to make sure that the  policy  is being implemented  properly and as per the laid down rules (Chanlett, 1973). There should be  constant  checks on the  policy  that  has been implemented.  The environmental policy should be such that the objectives and the targets that  have been laid  down

Risks of noncompliance in corporate governance

Risks of noncompliance in corporate governance In Management, the aspect of compliance is one of the most important element in most businesses whether service or product. It involves the transformation of inputs of production and operation into outputs that, when distributed, have the needs satisfying abilities to the consumers. The concept of compliance refers to a state of being in accordance to certain rules and regulations. The process compliance involves the application of independent factors but mainly focuses on the overall corporate function of the organization. In corporate world we tend to associate compliance with leadership and decision making. The concept of Leadership is referred to as the progression of social influence which an individual can sign up in aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task. Leadership as a tool of effective management and compliance remains as one of the most pertinent aspects of the organizational context (Bicheno Elliot, 1997). When individuals are put in leadership positions, they are effectively authorized to comply with certain rules and regulations on of other people. They are expected to make wise decisions that serve the interests of the people that elected them, their organizations, state or country. Since compliance involves making tough decisions, its only leaders in involved in corporate governance who are in position to pass authority and influence other people. Good compliance technique is an indispensable skill for success and successful leadership. In the business world, many organizations especially those involved in financial services have compliance workforce whose function entails the idea of making sure the company comply with the laid down rules and regulations (Sparrow, 2000). Relationship of the cost of compliance against the degree of risk of noncompliance Corporate governance refers to a system by in which corporates or organizations are managed. It entails building of relationships between the management, committees of the Board, and employees. Effective corporate governance structure maximizes value and proficiency. Since compliance involves certification to do a particular task, it enables organizations to fulfill its goals and objectives for the reason that its functions are not delayed down by risks of non compliance. Organizations should concentrate on issues relating to compliance to ensure they fulfill their functions. There are numerous problems associated with failing to comply with certain regulations. Technically, the extent of risks found in organizations differs from one compliance element to another.  Ã‚   Regardless of issues involved, the cost of compliance is much smaller than the risks emerging out from noncompliance. In observing business ethics, the funds involved in compliance assist states and governments to c reate jobs and improve social status of its citizens. By enlarge; compliance is beneficial in that it makes corporate bodies to fulfill their social obligations to members of the public. Some of these costs also involve aspects of direct expenditures made by organizations to comply with safety issues, when complied; these regulations ensure consumers obtain high quality goods and services. Though high in some cases, the costs of compliance ensure fair trade and allow productions of goods and services that meet consumer requirements, needs and wants (Wong, 2001). The major risks of non compliance are the ability of the government to sue the organizations for compliance violations. This in the part of the organizations mostly its more expensive than the initial cost of complying with the required rules and regulations. For any organization to function well and achieve its goals and objectives, it must comply with all laid down rules and regulations to avoid risks of loss of clients resulting from closures, to avoid stiff penalties from regulatory bodies which are at times more costly that the cost of compliance and finally to avoid losing consumer confidence. To be effective in compliance matters, organization should do Self-Assessments of their functions and identify their risks. (Bicheno Elliot, 1997). Organization that uses committees within their corporate governance structure Organizations that implement the use of committees in their corporate governance structures have shown to be very effective, efficient and successful, and have shown potential to operate with utmost accountability and independence. this Committees perform duties on behalf of the organization management and shareholders and with efficient delegation of duties , they build stronger capital rights ,increase production and sales and increase the organization profitability ensuring they comply with necessary corporate rules and regulations . One of the most well recognized organization that uses committees with their corporate governance structure is PepsiCo. This company is found in beverage industry and its committee charters are very definitive and its purpose well structured. The organization consists of internal and external audit committees which guide the organization management in regulating quality and efficiency, financial position and organization compliance to regulatory bodys requirement and wants. Use of committees by McBride to mitigate noncompliance issues Like PepsiCo, McBride financial company should use the committees to mitigate the risks associated with noncompliance. The concept of compliance is a very significant issue for any organization. In the case of McBride Financial Services, the knowledge and execution of appropriate rules and regulations are ominous to the organization potential growth and development. Recommendations involving Self-Assessments and identification of risks should be used to mitigate issues of noncompliance in the company. McBride financial company should conduct self-assessment of their program in time before the time the regulators come knocking on their doors. The company should use internal committees to develop a risk-based compliance approach that include identification of risks of non-compliance and the factors required to ensure compliance. The committee analyzes the organization risks and assists the company come to a decision of which risks to focus on. When established, committees serve the fun ction of determining negative consequences of noncompliance. Committees perform quantitative analysis of the company performance and gives guidelines of what to do in order to achieve the companys goals and objectives (Causey, 2008). Conclusion Its a general business objective for most successful organizations in the world today to strategies on ways of improving their productivity, quality of products and services so as to satisfy the needs of their consumers as well as retaining their hare of the market. The success of the organization in the long-term requires that the organization considers the dynamism of management trends in their operations and comply with necessary rules and regulations. In conclusion we can say that concepts of compliance in corporate governance and s Management is one of the most important aspects of most businesses whether service or product. Compliance promotes creation of products that satisfies basic wants of customers and regulatory bodies. Happy customers promote productivity of a company in that the management produces more to be at level with their requirements. More production leads to increased yields and high profits.

Bladerunner: Humanity Of Deckard & Roy Batty Essays -- essays research

Roy Batty and Deckard are both able to show us what it means to be human. To what extent do you agree? Through Blade Runner, we see an epic quest filled with meaning and symbolism applicable to the human condition. Replicants are basically human beings, except for the fact that they lack a history. As a consequence of this, perhaps, they also lack proper emotional faculties especially empathy. Empathy is the ability to place oneself in the position of another living being and understand that person’s feelings. Blade runner promotes that empathy is the defining characteristics for humanity. The replicants, designed not to show any emotion, develop spiritually and emotionally throughout the film. The characters in the movie, even the ones that were not human, had many humanistic and believable qualities. Many of them were able to feel love as well as hate. Although Deckard is supposedly human he at times shows less emotion than Roy. He seems heartless and uncompassionate making himself look very unhuman. We see that Deckard is possibly not "human" as well, but a replicant. He shows no compassion when he tells Rachel of her being a replicant with implants. In tears, Rachel sneaks out of Deckard’s apartment and into the streets. The only time in which Deckard really shows emotion is accomplished when Roy, forging Deckard through the fires of a harrowing battle, looks terrified knowing that he is going to die. Through this, Roy tries to communicate his life experi...

The advantages and disadvantages of using psychodynamic concepts of repression and resistance

The term â€Å"psychodynamic† suggests any explanation that emphasises the process of change or transformation and development, i. e. , the dynamics (changeability) of behaviour or the forces that drive an individual to behave the way he or she does. â€Å"Dynamics† are the things that drive us or a machine to behave in particular ways. (Eyesenck & Flanagan, 2000. p 172)i. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytical theory is probably the best-known example of the psychodynamic model. His view was that psychological disorders did not have a physical origin but instead arose out of unresolved, unconscious conflicts, which formed essentially in early childhood. All psychodynamic concepts arose from Freud's theory of personality development in which he essentially argued that the mind is divided into three parts. First, there is the id, which consists of mainly unconscious sexual and aggressive, essentially selfish, instincts. The motivating force is the innate sexual drive found in every human i. e. the libido. Second, there is the ego, which is the rational and conscious part of the mind. Third, there is the superego or the conscience. These three parts of the mind are frequently at conflict with one another. Conflicts occur most often between the id and the superego, because the id wants instant gratification, where as the superego takes account of moral standards and decorum. Since, conflicts cause anxiety, the ego defends itself against anxiety by using several defence mechanisms to prevent traumatic thoughts and feelings reaching consciousness. One of the major defence mechanisms is repression, which forces memories of conflicts and traumas out of consciousness and into the unconscious mind. Other defence mechanisms may include resistance, displacement and projection. Resistance is also another term to represent the process whereby thoughts and memories that are in the unconscious mind are prevented from reaching the conscious mind. Also within psychoanalysis, the term is used to refer to the way in which the person being analysed, offers resistance to the interpretations offered by the analyst (Cardwell,1996,2000)ii. Displacement occurs when aggressive or other intense impulses are transferred away from a threatening person to someone or something non-threatening. Projection occurs when someone who possesses an undesirable characteristic or attitude, attributes it to other people. For example, someone who is very hostile may claim that other people are hostile to him or her (Eyesenck & Flanagan, 2000. p 173)iii. According to Freud, psychological disorders can arise when an individual has unresolved conflicts and traumas from childhood. Defence mechanisms, such as the before mentioned, may be used to reduce anxiety caused by such unresolved conflicts, however, all they do is hide the conflict rather than resolve it. This psychodynamic model proposed by Sigmund Freud was the first systematic model of mental illness/disorders that focused specifically on psychological factors as the cause of a mental disorder and on a psychological form of treatment. Before Freud, all explanations of mental illness were in terms of either biological (physical) causes or fantastic ideas such as possession by evil spirits. For his time, Freud's ideas must have been revolutionary but in this day and age, it is impossible to accept his concepts and theories without due criticism. Considering the concept of repression, one may find it hard to test the theory, and therefore hard to prove the validity of the concept of repressed memories. However there have been attempts to conduct experiments to demonstrate the phenomenon of repression. These typically involve creating anxiety to produce forgetting or repression. After that, the anxiety is removed to show that repressed information is still in long-term memory (referred to as â€Å"return of the repressed†). To their disadvantage, such experiments are ethically questionable-is it right to expose anyone to anxiety provoking situations or information in order to study the concept of repression? (Eyesenck & Flanagan, 2000. p 174)iv One of the main methods used by Freud earlier during treatment in order to gain deeper insight into the patient's subconscious was hypnosis. The very first disadvantage of this method is its unreliability. Not everyone can be hypnotised, and there is no way of determining who can or can't be. In addition, when under hypnosis, a person is extremely vulnerable and susceptible to influence. Memories can thus be unintentionally implanted or suggested by the therapist by use of descriptive details or leading questions. There are essentially three times when memory can be affected: when it is stored, while it is being stored and when it is retrieved, which basically covers all the time. Therefore, at any of these times something could be misunderstood, associated or implanted in our memories. Psychologists are not the only influences our memories may be affected by. Everyday memories like recollections of horror movies, comic books, nightmares, anything on TV etc. are very capable of becoming embedded in our memory and then muddled up with other memories. Memories of these things can come out in the hypnosis therapy and if they are in line with the therapists own interpretations, he or she will think it to be true and valid information. Remembering detailed accounts of events that never took place is known as the False Memory Syndrome (FMS). Thus, not only is it up to the reliability of the technique being used to resurrect a repressed memory but it is also depends on the mind of the patient to distinguish these other influences and recall only the true event. One would think why people would want to dredge up memories if they are not real. The reasons can be plentiful, it can simply be fraud, or as the FMS suggests, since the persons mind has been all jumbled up with the therapist's suggestions and other influences, he or she himself/herself believes the memory to be true. Ultimately, there is no easy answer or explanation to the theory of repression and retrieval yet. The implications for treatment under such a psychodynamic approach are that the primary goal of therapy is to enable patients to gain access to their repressed memories and conflicts, and to encourage them to face up to whatever emerges from their unconscious mind. Freud used the term â€Å"insight† to refer to the processes involved. He assumed that insight would permit the repressed memories to be integrated into the ego or conscious self, after which the patient would be better able to cope with life. Since, even though memories of the anxiety provoking conflict or trauma were repressed, they tended to surface in different forms of neurosis or psychological disorders. In the beginning, Freud used hypnosis as a means of accessing repressed memories (the famous case study of Anna O) but later felt that this was an unreliable method. The other two methods were dreams, as the â€Å"royal road† to the unconscious, and free association, a technique where the client is encouraged to say the first thing that comes to is or her mind. Eyesenck & Flanagan, 2000. p 174)v One of the first disadvantages of such a mode of treatment is that psychoanalysis depends heavily on the therapist's interpretation of what the patient says. How, for example, does the therapist know that a boy who has a fear of horses is actually afraid of his father and not simply scared that the horse might hurt him in some way? At his defence, Freud argued that the acid test, which was the patient's reaction to the therapist's proposed interpretation could be used here. If the client accepts the accuracy of the interpretation, then it is probably correct. On the other hand, if the patient rejects the therapist's interpretation of say a dream, that may simply be resistance by the patient's conscious mind to an unacceptable but entirely accurate interpretation made by the therapist. The problem with this is that therapist seems to win both ways because he or she either uses the patient's acceptance or denial of the reasonableness of an interpretation as corroborating evidence that the interpretation is accurate. Freud argued that we can regard psychoanalysis as similar to solving a jigsaw puzzle. It may be hard to decide whether a given interpretation is correct, or to decide where to place a particular piece of the puzzle. However, the interpretations of dozens of a patient's free associations and dreams should form a coherent picture, just as the pieces of jigsaw puzzle can only be arranged in one way. â€Å"(Eyesenck & Flanagan, 2000. p 174) Another disadvantage of treatment based on the psychodynamic approach, is that it is very time consuming, due to the concepts of resistance, i. e. , the patient's reluctance to face his or her past. As Freud said (1917,p. 289)vii: â€Å"The patient attempts to escape by every possible means. First he says nothing comes into his head, then that so much comes into his head that he can't grasp any of it†¦ At last he admits that he really cannot say anything, he is ashamed to†¦ So goes on, with untold variations. In all fairness, there is quite a bit of evidence to support the concepts of repression and resistance. But one seems to wonder if a person cannot recall a certain memory, was it ever really a memory? Did it ever really happen? Due to the breadth of recorded cases of repression, no one can deny its existence, all we can conclude is that until psychologists can drag our unconsciousness completely into the light, the reliability of retrieval of repressed memories will b e left in the dark.

How Data And Information Travel The Internet - 824 Words

Part One: 1.) Google: IP address 216.58.192.14 Geographic Location: Mountain View, California, U.S 2.) BBC: IP address: 212.58.244.20 Geographic Location: London, City of London, Great Britain 3.) Spotify IP address: 194.132.198.165 Geographic Location: Japan 4.) Sony IP address: 72.52.6.10 Geographic Location: Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S 5.) Baidu IP address: 180.149.132.47 Geographic Location: Beijing, Beijing (22), China Part Two: 1.) Google: Number of stops: 9 2.) BBC: Number of stops: 8 3.) Spotify Number of stops: 10 4.) Sony Number of stops: 6 5.) Baidu Number of stops: 12 Part Three: Briefly describe how data and information travel the internet Typically, a user requests a website by entering it in their browser. From there,†¦show more content†¦It is like a phonebook with an ability to direct traffic to their proper place. Part Four: Explain the difference between circuit switching and packet switching Circuit switching was a method that was previously used with telephones. In this method, a connection between two people, for example, would always remain on standby until there was actual communication between those peoples phones. In that case, the connection that allowed communication between them would be actualized. Packet switching, on the other hand, is a method where packets are routed independently in order to ensure communication between different parties. There are no dedicated routes for two destinations, unlike the circuit switching method. Instead, these packets are shared and are used to create an unrestricted method of communication. What is caching, and why is it important with respect to routing internet traffic? Caching is a computer s ability to store information that will help facilitate future access to a website. For example, if a user visited Facebook in the morning and decides to do so again in the evening, the computer will remember how it initially got access to Facebook and use it the second time. If the computer knows how to access a site, then it would have no need of going through the whole process, thus reducing internet traffic. Part Five: I m writing about the cyberbullying case of Amanda Todd.